To promote
education, especially in Indonesia, must be open. This attitude means willing
to learn from developed countries in terms of education such as the United
States, Britain, Finland and other countries that are very concerned in the
field of education. For example, England. The British state knows very well how
important the role of education is for the future of the nation.
Education System in the
UK Broadly
speaking, the education system in the UK is as follows:
Mandatory Education
a. Primary school
Starting at the
age of 5 - 11 years. There are no exams except at the age of seven, children
(students) are required to take an ability test. Emphasis is on practical
learning rather than memorization.
b. Secondary
school
Starting from ages
11-16 years. This is where learning begins. In the 4th year, students take the
GSCE exam. After the exam, students can work, take training programs in
vocational or technical schools, or continue 2 more years to prepare for
university entrance exams, known as A-Levels.
Choice Education
a. A levels
A Levels are a
continuation of high school if they want to go to university. Taken for 2
years.
b. Degree program
c. Postgraduate
and doctoral degrees
Basically, schools
in the UK instill an attitude of responsibility for themselves. This is done to
form self-government. This attitude gives students the freedom to organize
their own schools collectively from elementary to high level. With this method,
students are expected to become independent individuals when they grow up.
The applied
education approach is discovery. The implication of this approach is that
students are educated to be able to conduct research so that they can develop
the knowledge gained. With a note they should not be afraid and should not be
lazy. By doing research, students will find new things that can enrich their
knowledge.
The pattern of the
education system in the UK is the deepening of certain aspects or it can be
said that schools in the UK are more concerned with the specialization of
skills and skills in various fields of life according to the talents and
abilities of students. With this system, the right way to deepen knowledge is
through majors. Deepening of skills and skills is usually carried out at the
secondary level.
The development of
practical technology in the middle level and academic technology at the academy
and tertiary level has actually begun in a direct direction at the primary and
secondary school level. Such direction will make it easier for students to
choose directly into the workforce or continue to higher education. Likewise
the development of fields of social sciences and humanities as well as arts or
languages.
Thus, the pattern
of educational development in the education system in the UK is to use a press
schematic pattern. This pattern means that British education wants students to
become experts in their respective fields.
Religious
education is also applied in the United Kingdom. The religious education there
is Christian education. Christian education is carried out to strengthen
students' personalities in order to deepen the specificity of science.
The British
government also provides autonomy for religious organizations that want to
establish schools with their own characteristics. This is done to realize
democratization in education. Even so, the government has the right to monitor
and interfere if necessary. Government interference is only limited to the
primary and secondary levels. Whereas for both public and private universities
are autonomous institutions that are free from government interference.
Comparison of the Education System in the UK with
Indonesia
Broadly speaking,
the education system in Indonesia is as follows:
1. kindergarten
2. 9-year
compulsory education (SD / MI to SMP / MTs)
3. High School
(SMA / MA / SMK)
4. Universities.
And recently the
government will declare a 12-year compulsory education which means that minimal
education for Indonesians is up to the high school level. Besides that there
are also private schools based on religion such as SD-IT, SMP-IT and others.
At first glance,
the education system in Indonesia is almost similar to the education system in
England. This is certainly independent of the economic aspects that Indonesia
is still very far behind.
However, apart
from material aspects there are also striking differences from the education
system in the UK and Indonesia. This difference is found in the pattern of the
education system. As mentioned earlier that the education system in the UK
prioritizes specialization of profound skills and skills so that the pattern
applied is the press schematic pattern.
Whereas in
Indonesia, the pattern applied is mostly a pattern
breadth schematic
so that the depth of knowledge is also lacking.
The breadth
schematic pattern can be seen from the large number of subjects available. The
subjects that students must master in one school year are around 14-16
subjects, with material that is many, abstract and less functional.
With this system,
it has implications for coercion of education for students, which makes them
depressed. As a result students become lazy in school, afraid, if later they do
not graduate because they cannot master all subjects. This is because the
aspects that are built are in terms of cognition that are visible in the report
cards. Meeting the needs of students in dealing with life is lacking. Finally,
there are many unemployed people in Indonesia, not a few of whom are people who
get education.
The Indonesian
state should be able to learn from the pattern of the English system. Don't
just emphasize the aspects of cognition by giving them the subject matter
overload. Should
be from elementary school level, the teachers work with parents to pay
attention to students' activities regarding their talents and interests. By
knowing this, the teacher can provide guidance so that students can develop
well.
It should be noted
that the child who grows up is not a slave to education which is only crammed
with doctrines and coercion from both parents and teachers themselves. Let them
develop according to their respective talents because every human being must
have their own potential. Parents and teachers are only as mentors so they
develop according to their nature. This point is also important to foster the
spirit of independence and the attitude of discovering children as is done in
the UK.
Regarding the
issue of majors, according to the latest news, the government also began
planning to make more vocational schools with a percentage of around 70% for
vocational schools. Thus the government tries to make the level of expertise of
students more profound. The addition of this vocational school needs to be done
considering that in the future Indonesia will face a free market. If a student
does not have a particular specialty, he will be less competitive with
foreigners who will enter Indonesia.
From the
description above, of course each pattern has its advantages and disadvantages.
However, a large nation certainly wants to learn from other advanced nations.
This comparison of education can be used as a reference to make a better
education system.
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